So, we have discussed screening for Perinatal Mood and Anxiety disorders (PMADs) during pregnancy and postpartum. We have also discussed what can be done to alleviate symptoms through self-care, therapy, and medication options. However, were you aware that fathers and birthing partners can also experience Perinatal Mood and Anxiety Disorders?Â
According to MMHLA (2021), it is estimated that 1 in 10 will experience symptoms. The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) is validated for identifying paternal depression, though with lower cut-off scores. The EPDS can be self-administered and scored. There can be a significant amount of stigma in reaching out for help due to the thought men are supposed to be strong, supportive partners. Â
Risk factors for paternal mood and anxiety disorders are maternal depression, stress of having a new baby in the household, difficulties in developing a bond with the baby, lack of social support/role model, and feeling excluded from mother-infant bonding. Symptoms of paternal depression can be higher levels of irritability and anger. The impact of paternal depression on the family unit is an increase in children's behavioral/conduct issues, increased hostility and conflict, and harsh parenting practices. Â
Treatment is the same recommendations for mothers, including self-care, therapy, and medication options. MMHLA (2021) lists several resources. Online resources include Postpartum Support International, which provides resources for dads and partners; Postpartum Men has self-assessments and an online forum for dads. A recommended book suggestion would be "The Postpartum Husband" by Karen Kleiman, MSW. Â
If you are in crisis with plans to hurt yourself or someone else, please go to the nearest Emergency Room or call 9-1-1. Additional resources are available through the National Suicide Prevention Lifeline (available 24/7) at 9-8-8 or 1-800-273-TALK (8255) or suicidepreventionlifeline.org/chat/.
Reference:
MMHLA (2021) at:
